The fundamental principle of health care systems is to “do not harm”. Unfortunately, it has been demonstrated that in both developed and developing countries, preventable harm and potential risk to patients still exists. Patient safety incidents are widespread; however, up to 80% of them can be prevented. 

A significant proportion of incidents related to patient safety issues that occur in hospital care worldwide can be attributed to failures in the design or operation of clinical processes. The literature suggests that the main potential risk problems originate from administrative errors, such as patient misidentification, misdiagnoses, medication errors, healthcare-associated infections, adverse events, among others.